The proposed amendments to the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act aim to bring parity in taxation and production costs across states while leaving their right to collect taxes and cess intact, Union Mines Secretary Keshav Chandra said on Thursday (November 5), according to PTI.
He was speaking at a conference of state mining ministers on reforms in the mining and coal sector in South Goa, attended by Union Mines Minister G Kishan Reddy, Goa Chief Minister Pramod Sawant and Minister of State for Mines Satish Chandra Dubey.
Why the Centre wants parity
Mr Chandra said large differences in production costs and taxes between neighbouring states could hurt industries and push economic activity towards states with easier terms. Citing bauxite, he said this could create supply problems and even encourage imports despite domestic availability.
"There has to be parity. There has to be economic sense in imposing certain cesses and taxes on all the minerals," he said. States would keep the authority to collect taxes and cess, he said, adding that 92% to 93% of mining revenue goes to states, and the Centre receives little apart from GST, which he said is also shared with states.
Critical minerals
Mr Chandra said India must build capacity to explore and process critical minerals such as rare earths, lithium and nickel, which are needed for permanent magnets and batteries. He mentioned a ₹1,500 crore scheme to promote recycling of black mass and electronic waste, under which about 58 recycling firms have registered with a combined capacity of 850 kilotonnes a year, against 270 kilotonnes originally planned. He expected India to have enough of these inputs within three to four years.
A day earlier, the Union Cabinet approved a ₹2,814 crore scheme to give a 30% capital subsidy for two lithium and two nickel processing plants, the Press Information Bureau said.
The states' objections
The amendment bill has faced opposition from states not ruled by the BJP. In August, Kerala Chief Minister V D Satheesan called it an encroachment on the State List and said Kerala could take legal action once it became law, while Jharkhand Chief Minister Hemant Soren called it a "black bill", Business Standard reported. Mr Reddy said then that the bill applied only to major minerals and would not affect states' powers over minor minerals such as sand and gravel.
